StoppingClimateChange.com Note: This site supersedes coal2nuclear.com and SkyScrubber.com .
A fossil fuel power plant engineered to end the growth of Climate Change.
This could be the dawn of the Second Fossil Fuel Age.
A Disruptive Technology: It appears stopping Climate Change's growth before the end of this century has become a distinct possibility. A leading chemical engineer, Rodney Allam, has come up with a new fossil-fuel thermodynamic cycle power plant engine intended to end Climate Change. Dubbed the "Allam Cycle", it exploits the thermal and pressure characteristics of supercritical liquid carbon dioxide - instead of steam, air, or helium - as its working fluid. Relatively simple and 59% efficient, it uses an external rocket-engine-like oxygen+methane combustor instead of a water boiler which drives a simple high-temperature gas turbine-generator with a blast of CO2 gas and steam. It can be powered by any methane-gasified fossil fuel, i.e., natural gas, oil, coal, lignite. The only emissions are pure high pressure liquid CO2 ready for underground disposal and pure liquid fresh water, each coming out of the engine contained in it's own pipe. Using renewable fuels produce carbon-negative CO2 emissions.
A 1/10th size pilot plant has been constructed in LaPorte, Texas (near Houston) and was connected to the electrical grid last October. As far as I know, so far, so good.
Toshiba will manufacture the 300 megaWatt full size version. In addition to the 300 megaWatts of grid electricity, it might produce as much as 1 million gallons of potable water per day and 5% CO2 by volume. The Allam's oxyfuel combustor is pretty close to a rocket engine. Think of the massive white plume of steam coming out of a oxyfuel rocket engine as it lifts off.
Perhaps Toshiba could license their design to the world's top power plant
companies to ultimately make 10 to 20 thousand 300 mW copies in the next 10 to
20 years. The coal and lignite versions would need an additional gasification
module. Shutting down all the
world's conventional coal plants would
really pull the rug out from under Climate Change.
The company:
https://www.netpower.com/technology/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vFcbev1TkoU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zDZmIDbDO0
https://www.powermag.com/inside-net-power-gas-power-goes-supercritical/?mypower
supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) cycles
This website pages:
3b
Natural Gas/Oil Allam Cycle CCS Power Plant
3c Coal/Lignite Allam Cycle CCS Power Plant
Similar Technologies
To this author, this achievement may open the door to halting the 100 million tons of CO2 the world adds to the air every day via unconfined fossil fuel burning and perhaps also halt most of the current plans for building over 1,600 new large conventional coal power plants in 62 countries [Urgewald's tally], replacing conventional air polluting coal power plant plans with plans for environmentally safe Allam cycle gasified coal power plants instead. (Recall pre-WWII "Town Gas" made from coal?)
Once fossil fuel CO2 addition to the air is halted by substituting the use of environmentally safe carbon-neutral renewable fuels instead of fossil fuels, CO2 subtraction from the air can begin with the goal of eventually restoring the air to the way it was before the beginning of the first fossil fuel age.
Renewable fuels do not add
ground's fossil fuel CO2 to the air.
Renewable fuel's CO2 comes from the air's CO2
pool and is returned to the air's CO2 pool.
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Waste-to-Energy RENEWABLE FUEL FACTORIES
The "Stopping Climate Change" Triad:
Site Location -
Allam Cycle - Waste-to-Energy
Here Is How The Allam Cycle Power Plant Could Be Used To Reverse The Growth Of Climate Change
Step #1: Stopping Climate Change's
relentless 100 million-ton-per-day CO2 growth by phasing out all fossil fuel open
air burning and instead manufacture Waste-to-Energy Renewable Fuels
and Hydrogen that can be open-air burned.
Step #2: Once we stop
adding fossil fuel CO2 to the air, then we can begin to
suck the excess CO2 - beyond the 270 ppm CO2 essential for a
normal climate - back out of the air
to restore our climate to near-normal.
Equipment Pages >
1 2 3
Carbon Captured Power Plant
3a
Site Carbon Capture Facility
4
Hydrogen Generator
5 Biomass
Preparation Equipment
6 Plasma
Torch Gasifier
7 GTL
Refinery
8
Fuels Description
The central
idea of this website is to use up the remainder of the world's fossil fuels
in
Allam closed-burning, fossil fuel-versatile, carbon capturing,
power plants to make electricity and to power the mass manufacture of
open-burnable renewable fuels.
The United States has the
technological potential to offset roughly only
a decade’s worth of its current CO2
emissions through biological sequestration (i.e.,
planting trees, etc.,) but a few hundred
years’ worth of emissions through carbon dioxide
capture and sequestration. - Congressional
Budget Office "The Potential for Carbon Sequestration in the United States,
2007".
It should be noted that the super-clean, fossil fuel versatile, Allam Cycle 30 mW(e)
grid-connected pilot plant - a new form of Oxy-fuel carbon capture - is
performing well and appears economically
competitive all the way down to non-CCS Lignite.
The first mass production Allam cycle power plant will be a 300 mW(e) single turbine version made by
Toshiba, possibly as soon as 2021. "While the challenges
remain significant and require a focused research effort, there don’t appear to
be any show stopping problems to commercialization of
this technology." - P.A. Strakey, et al., 2014.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vFcbev1TkoU
https://www.netpower.com/technology/
The other key technologies for producing open-burnable waste-to-energy renewable fuels.
1.
http://plascotechnologies.com/
is offering the technology for a small version of a renewable plasma gasified
waste-to-fuel factory now.
2.
Also, check out plasma gasifier manufacturer AlterNRG: http://www.alternrg.com/
http://www.alternrg.com/waste_to_energy/waste-to-liquids/
3.
Shell Pearl: The world's largest
fossil Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) refinery.
https://www.shell.com.qa/en_qa/projects-and-sites/pearl-gtl.html
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Maps Showing U.S. UNDERGROUND CARBON CAPTURE
STORAGE STRATA
LOCATIONS
Energy + Hydrogen + Biomass System - (pdf Slide
Show) - Dr Charles W. Forsberg
The end-user would continue to use the same or similar fires and other energies supplied
through existing distribution networks.
We need about 10,000 Fuel Factories immediately to head off the worst of Climate Change. Like cars, airplanes, and ships, Fuel Factories would be modular in design similar to today's electricity power plants. Ten or even 20 fuel factory modules could be located at a single large fuel factory. Such modularity is an economic advantage in quite a few ways. For example, you can run different products on different modules at the same time, varying the numbers of modules making the same product to mesh with current market needs. The quality and reliability of factory-built modules of anything is hard to beat. https://www.biomass.net/Biomass-and-Climate-Change.html
There are almost unlimited opportunities for completely new greenfield Fuel Factories now that prime underground strata for CCS CO2 disposal locations have been identified enabling cheap straight-down CO2 disposal via disposal wells located on site property. No need for a costly national CO2 disposal grid that may take 20 to 40 years to complete due to obstruction by environmentalists.
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CARBON TAXES and CARBON
CAPTURE INCENTIVES
Information about the government's different Energy
Innovation and Carbon Dividend Acts
(Courtesy of Climate Change Working
Group):
First, here's a link to the bill itself: https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/763
Second, for anyone without the time or interest to read the entire bill, a link
to a "road map" of the bill's contents, so the most relevant sections can be
found with some ease: https://community.citizensclimatelobby.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Section-by-Section-Analysis-Energy-Innovation-Act-2019.pdf
Third, here's a link to Citizen's Climate Lobby's website about the bill, which
also allows a reader to see who has already endorsed the bill and what the press
is saying about it. It includes an endorsement tool: https://energyinnovationact.org/
Finally, for anyone wanting to compare this bill to other carbon pricing bills,
an assessment that compares this bill (sponsored by Rep. Ted Deutch of Florida
and therefore called the Deutch bill in the analysis) to others:
https://energypolicy.columbia.edu/research/commentary/how-bipartisan-energy-innovation-and-carbon-dividend-act-compares-other-carbon-tax-proposals
All these carbon tax fees raise a very serious
question:
Q.
How much per ton of CO2 is going to be refunded by the government to the operators
of the above fuel factories to establish and operate a carbon dioxide disposal well on
their own property?
A. Deutch bill: This section amends the Tax Code (Title 26) by adding the following subsections: Subtitle L - "Carbon Dividends and Carbon Fee", Sec. 9906 - Carbon Capture and Sequestration:
"Provides a refund of Carbon Fee paid when qualified carbon dioxide is captured and sequestered in a safe and permanent manner. Requires establishment of sound criteria for safe and permanent sequestration. Only CO2 from covered fuels, and only rebate for amount likely to remain sequestered."
- - - In America there are now 2 big carbon capture incentives: A recently expanded federal tax credit for captured CO2 and California’s new law requiring 100% of its electricity come from carbon-free sources by 2045.
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References
2016_billion_ton_report_12.2.16_0.pdf (400+ Pages)
Methanol - The Basic Chemical and Energy Feedstock of the Future.pdf
https://www.chemicals-technology.com/projects/george-olah-renewable-methanol-plant-iceland/
The opportunities to reequip our liquid fuels industries with
climate-neutral biomass waste-to-fuel energies.
(If you want economy, buy methanol.
If you want mileage, buy gasoline. If you want neither, buy
ethanol.)
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Our
Climate Change Outlook
So, by adding or removing air's CO2, we can set the world's
thermostat wherever we like. . . . . .
The CO2 in the air acts like a blanket - the more CO2, the
thicker the blanket. Taking CO2 out of the air is like taking a blanket off your
bed - you feel the change quickly. More heat in the air makes summer storms more
powerful.
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INDEX / SITEMAP
You are on the index page.
Sitemap
Discussion Pages. >
Mankind's last chance to stop
Climate Change was at 2:45 PM, on December 8, 1953. --- Environmentalism's Nuclear
Disaster
Beyond Fossil Fuels
Site Facilities:
1 Introduction
1a A Quick Tour
2
Engineering 2d Final Design Plant
Sites:
2.1 Greenfield
CO2 Disposal Well
Power Plant: 3 Power Plant
3a Stand-alone Full Site Carbon
Capture Facility
3b Natural Gas/Oil Allam Cycle CCS
Power Plant
3c Coal/Lignite Allam Cycle CCS
Power Plant
3d(Allam Backup) Nat Gas Combined Cycle CCS Power Plant
3e The Second Nuclear Age
Similar Technologies
Fuel Feedstock:
4 Hydrogen Generator 5 Biomass Preparation
6 Plasma Torch Biomass Gasifier
Refinery: 7
Biofuel Refinery
8 Renewable BioFuels
Fuels:
8a Renewable E85 BioEthanol
8b Renewable M70 BioMethanol
8c Renewable BioJet & BioDiesel
8d Renewable Hydrogen
8e Renewable Natural BioGas
Recycling air's CO2 carbon into cheap, clean fuels - using standard industrial equipment to
assemble
GTL fuel molecules
[
GTL ] from gasified biomass to make CO2-neutral fuels.
The big
win is that we change only the fuels, not everything in the world that uses
fuels. Much quicker and cheaper. For the average person, we won't
have to buy electric cars, electric heat pumps to heat our water, rebuild our houses, we can keep air travel and our current lifestyles.
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This is a "splash" page to bring you up to speed quickly about a complex subject.
Introduction
________________________________________________________________
"Technological fixes are often far simpler, and therefore cheaper, than the doomsayers could have imagined." - ( From Prologue )
The objective of this website is
to communicate that the Climate Change crisis resembles the horseshit crisis
described in the Prologue's story.
The fun part of watching the Climate Change scene is using an old engineer's
insight to figure out what is most inevitable at any given time.
You have seen what the
world's first fast-track Climate Change mitigation web site
has to offer.
There must be smarter folks out there with even better
ideas. Let's see them!
I'm not in this Climate Change stuff because I have green genes. I've been through much the same before in the late 1960s fighting in the battles of the smog wars brought on by the originator of the "Clean Air Act", Republican President Richard Milhous Nixon.
Today's Greenies who are talking about adding carbon capture systems to existing energy equipment, batteries to cars, and windmills to national electricity grids have no idea of the problems they are advocating. As a young electronics engineering graduate I was working for an automotive test instrument manufacturer contracting to Delco Division of General Motors. We were trying to get everything from Chevrolets to Cadillacs to walk the narrow path of clean air. No-Lead gasoline, catalytic converters that gave cars asthma, exhaust gas recirculation systems, air injection systems, oxygen sensors, and a dozen other then-new and unproven devices that screwed up how cars ran, gave small cars 9 miles-per-gallon gas mileage, and caused more than a few drivers to be killed when they pulled into fast traffic with asthmatic cars that died when floored, were added to every new American car just so a few cars wouldn't smog up one tiny chunk of America - the Los Angles basin. A rational explanation for California's irrational green ethic.
I'm here because I was in the Smog Struggles along with thousands of others and I observed how modern technological mistakes can be corrected. Almost all Greenies lack that experience and haven't read about the technical aspects of the Smog Struggles. They just beg for climate justice.
In the end, switching from leaded to unleaded gasoline made several major improvements happen immediately and made a flock of later tweaks practical. I think doing much the same now - switching from fossil CO2 fuels to carbon-neutral renewable fuels, then adjusting the CO2 mass remaining in the air will eventually stop Climate Change.
